The contemporary recognition of autobiography is that it is a constructed narrative of the self. There have been several instances in history when a person has been “represented” to the world through defective voices from the hegemonic realm of our society. Autobiography is a medium through which one can freely talk about one’s self in a much more democratic way. And for those, especially women, who were forced to surrender their self for epochs and centuries, autobiography can definitely be a powerful political strategy to construct their selves.

It is universally accepted that the most basic form of accounting lies in the single answer to the question "what does it cost?" A more elaborate approach, leading to that figure, is to itemize in a list the costs which total to that single budget figure. The great historical innovation in ensuring control over financial accounts was the shift to double entry bookkeeping, subsequently taking the form of the spreadsheets that are basic to the project and program management of any modern institution. Spreadsheets facilities have of course been embodied into spreadsheet software.